Urinary tract infection is medically called urinary tract infection (UTI), also commonly known as urinary tract infection. Urine is composed of kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra. The upper urinary tract is the kidney, and the lower urinary tract is the bladder and urethra. No matter which part of the urinary tract is infected, it will cause urinary discomfort.

Men and women have different infection rates due to different urinary tract structures. The distance from the urethral orifice to the bladder is about 18-20 cm in men, and only 3 cm in women. In addition, 尿道炎 病徵the urethral orifice of women is quite close to the vagina and anus, so it is easy to clean the vagina or anus after going to the toilet improperly or through sex. Nearby bacteria are brought into the urethra. Therefore, compared with men, women are more likely to develop urinary tract infections.

What are the symptoms of urinary tract infections?

In the case of lower urinary tract infection, women usually refer to cystitis and urethritis, and men usually refer to prostatitis; upper urinary tract infection is called pyelonephritis. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the infection. Frequent urination, blood in the urine, burning sensation and pain during urination are common symptoms of urinary tract infections. In addition to the same symptoms as urinary tract infections, urinary tract infections may cause fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Clinical statistics show that nearly a quarter of women have suffered at least one urinary tract infection in their lifetime, and some of them have even relapsed.

The cause of urinary tract infection?

The causes of urinary tract infections are as follows:

Insufficient drinking water: Drinking water will directly affect the frequency of urination, while drinking too little water will increase the time for bacteria to stay in the bladder or urethra, and then multiply and eventually cause infection.

Holding urine for a long time: some people engaged in specific tasks (such as chip operators, etc.).

Sexual behavior: In the process of sexual behavior, it is easy to bring bacteria in the vagina and anus into the urethra, and then infection.

Bad hygiene: After urinating, women should wipe from front to back, that is, from the vagina to the anus. When wiping in the opposite direction, it is easy to put bacteria in the tube and anus into the urethra and cause infection.

Decreased female hormones: When women reach menopause, due to the decrease of female hormones, the mucous membrane is dry and fragile, which makes bacteria easy to grow and increases the possibility of urinary tract infection.

What should I do with urinary tract infections?

Common pathogens that cause urinary tract infections (both upper urinary tract and lower urinary tract are possible) are Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Antibiotics are usually used in medical treatment. However, excessive use of antibiotics can also destroy the flora of the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing human immunity. Therefore, in order to avoid urinary tract infection, the following measures can significantly reduce the risk of infection:

Drink enough water of 1500 ~ 2000 C.C. every day.

Urinate regularly and clean thoroughly after going to the toilet (wipe clean from front to back).

Avoid wearing tight pants to avoid poor ventilation and bacterial growth.

pay attention to the cleanliness of both parties before sex, and drink plenty of water after sex to increase urination.

Eat specific healthy foods to prevent urinary tract infections.

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Urinary tract infections are common in women and men

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Skin scar healing is an important part of the body's self-defense system and is the result of skin wound healing. The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat from the surface layer to the deep layer. In this three-layer structure, the dermis has a lot of collagen. In the process of wound healing, fibroblasts will regenerate and destroy collagen. This reorganization balances Related to scar formation. 去暗瘡印產品If only the epidermis or the superficial dermis is injured, it can usually be recovered, but if it reaches the reticular layer of the dermis and below, scars will be formed.

The scar matrix is ​​composed of fibroblast connective tissue students, does not contain elastic fibers, and only forms a thin layer of scar epithelium on the surface, which lacks the normal skin structure of the enterprise. As shown below:

In addition to the self-repairing mechanism of the skin, the generation and deterioration of scars are also related to skin surface tension, causes, individual influencing factors, and age.

1. Skin tension Skin tension includes external tension caused by the degree of skin tissue defect and inherent tension of skin tissue itself. The tension is large, and hypertrophic scars are prone to occur in the moving parts. The mandible and sternum are as follows: anterior, deltoid, upper back, elbow, hip, knee, ankle, and back of the foot.

2. Age: Young people are prone to occur, especially the highest rate of hyperplastic scars in 10-20 years old, mainly due to the vigorous growth of tissues during adolescence, strong post-traumatic reactivity, and high skin tension;

3. Skin pigment: people with pigmentation have more pigment cells and are easy to trigger reactions. The heart rate of blacks is 9 times higher than that of whites. It is easy to occur during the physiological activities of the pituitary gland, 除疤方法such as adolescence and pregnancy;

4. Infection: Repeated infection, long-term wound exposure, excessive proliferation of granulation tissue, proliferative scars or keloids are prone to occur.

5. Foreign bodies falling into the wound. Dust, talcum powder, fibers, and residual hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands can cause tissue reactions and cause scar hyperplasia.

6. Other factors The angle between the incision and the skin is perpendicular to the incision of the skin, and the scar will be fine after healing; the larger the angle of inclination, the wider the scar in the dermis, and the more obvious the skin deformity.

7. Other scar hyperplasia is also related to endocrine disorders, immunological changes and other pathological changes.

These factors must also be considered in the communication and diagnosis process with the patient, and their impact must be explained to the patient to avoid postoperative medical conflicts.

Can the scar be completely removed? Beware of three quick repairs

prevention of scarring

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